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Tuesday, December 17, 2013

Next Big Future - 8 new articles

Latest updates:

1.  Bitcoin currency and its supercomputer network

2.  500 trillion tons of fresh water in aquifers under the sea.  Our water shortage problem is solved





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Next Big Future"Next Big Future" - 8 new articles

  1. Bitcoin network is over 256 times more powerful than the top 500 supercomputers combined at over 64 Exaflops
  2. A long way from Green lantern but double ring uses body heat to light an LED
  3. 500 trillion tons of fresh water under the ocean's continental shelf in giant aquifers
  4. Carnival of Space 331
  5. They are coming for your retirement and college savings
  6. Exoplanet at 650 AU does not fit any planet formation theories
  7. China's lunar rover is expected to land December 14
  8. Selling out over the Long term to achieve upward mobility
  9. More Recent Articles
  10. Search Next Big Future
  11. Prior Mailing Archive

Bitcoin network is over 256 times more powerful than the top 500 supercomputers combined at over 64 Exaflops

In November, 2013, the Global bitcoin network passed 64 exaflops. This is 256 times the computer power of the top 500 supercomputers in the world. Total bitcoin valuation is currently over $8 billion. The exaflops are not floating point and are mainly dedicated specially designed ASICS.

 
Bitcoin charts tracks news, statistics and other information about bitcoin.

Bitcoin.sipa.be tracks bitcoin computing and other metrics.



In May, 2013, Bitcoin became the world's largest distributed computing project, eight times more powerful than the world's top 500 supercomputers combined. That is a huge amount of computing power that could be used for other projects like research into genetics, or searching for extraterrestrial life, or modeling weather and the climate, or a huge number of other endeavors. Mining digital currency entails a huge opportunity cost, just as mining gold and silver for money did.

Bitcoin mining works by setting a computer to chew on long and arduous "hash" problems that can't be streamlined and don't require floating point operations at all; the whole point is to tie up computer time and make the Bitcoin discovery process time-consuming and difficult. Dedicated mining hardware, which is becoming more popular in the Bitcoin mining community, is intentionally terrible at floating point calculations. making it more difficult to do this kind of direct comparison with general purpose computers.

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A long way from Green lantern but double ring uses body heat to light an LED

The basic idea for this ring was to take a piece of a aluminum to make the ring out of, design it to fit the PCB and peltier, and create a heatsink that mounts on the other side of the peltier unit. Originally he had planed to make this a single finger ring but somewhere along the way my brain had fallen for a 2 finger design; It was much more practical, and surprisingly the PCB I made was the perfect size to fit across two fingers, leaving the heat sink on the side.

 
The finished ring has a glowing LED just from the heat of the makers hand.

Thermoelectric materials are improving and LEDs are getting more efficient at converting energy to light. Ultimately taking about 1 watt for powering devices should be possible. There is more energy to be harvested from the footfalls of people when they are walking and from light solar film that could still be comfortably worn.


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500 trillion tons of fresh water under the ocean's continental shelf in giant aquifers

Nature - Offshore fresh groundwater reserves as a global phenomenon

 
The flow of terrestrial groundwater to the sea is an important natural component of the hydrological cycle. This process, however, does not explain the large volumes of low-salinity groundwater that are found below continental shelves. There is mounting evidence for the global occurrence of offshore fresh and brackish groundwater reserves. The potential use of these non-renewable reserves as a freshwater resource provides a clear incentive for future research. But the scope for continental shelf hydrogeology is broader and we envisage that it can contribute to the advancement of other scientific disciplines, in particular sedimentology and marine geochemistry.

Vast freshwater reserves have been discovered under the ocean floor which scientists believe could sustain future generations.

Australian researchers claim to have found 500,000 cubic kilometres (500 trillion tons) of freshwater buried beneath the seabed on continental shelves off Australia, China, North America and South Africa. The water could be accessed using the technology of deepwater oil drilling rigs. The infrastructure of pipelines could be setup to access millions of tons per day.

The discovery comes as United Nations estimates suggest water use has been growing at more than twice the rate of the population of the world over the last century.



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Carnival of Space 331

The Carnival of Space 331 is up at Photos to Space.

NASA's Chandra Xray telescope has been looking at its first exoplanet and found that the planet appeared three times larger in Xray than when viewed in optical light

NASA's Chandra Xray telescope, orbiting the Earth at a speed of 1.7 kilometers per second, has been pointed at an exoplanet for the first time, giving astronomers their first glimpse of another world at Xray wavelengths. They not only found that the Jupiter sized world has a thick atmosphere, but also discovered a previously undiscovered star orbiting in the same system.

Arxiv - Transit observations of the Hot Jupiter HD 189733b at X-ray wavelengths



Julian Sonner, a senior postdoctoral researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, led research showing that when two of these quarks are created, string theory creates a wormhole linking the quarks.


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They are coming for your retirement and college savings

USA Today has an article calling the mass affluent the new rich. This relabeling seems to be spinning it so that this group is a suitable target for redistribution (ie higher taxes). The mass affluent generally do not consider themselves to be rich and have just executed the lifeplan that all financial people tell people to follow.

They tell people
- get a good education
- get a good job
- save your money for retirement and college for your kids

UPDATE - I updated the title from "Mass Affluent are political and economic target" to "They are coming for your retirement and college savings". In Google+, someone accused me of being a troll for the Koch's, so in for a penny then in for a pound. I would disclose that I am in what is described as the mass affluent class. I knew when Bush 2, congress and Obama was running up the big deficits where the taxes and money would be coming to pay it. It was immediately obvious that those who are already paying taxes would pay more taxes. The only other alternative would be to have massive spending cuts at least back to Clinton level (and presidents prior for decadesChart below from the Congressional Budget office) spending.

Fed government spending at 20% of GDP was what was done for decades prior to 2000. Reducing by 6% GDP is possible. I think massive defense spending cuts can be done without harming long term US interests. The active enemies of the US are weak and the US will not fight the bigger militaries (Russia and China). The US still has nuclear weapons. Retirement age can be increased 3-4 months per year and other developed nations spend half the US level as a percentage of GDP on healthcare.

About 20% get to some degree of success. Although even if they save 1 million

Fully 20% of U.S. adults become rich for parts of their lives, wielding outsize influence on America's economy and politics. Made up largely of older professionals, working married couples and more educated singles. The "new rich" are those with household income of $250,000 or more at some point during their working lives. That puts them, if sometimes temporarily, in the top 2% of earners.

Even outside periods of unusual wealth, members of this group generally hover in the $100,000-plus income range, keeping them in the top 20% of earners.

In a country where poverty is at a record high, today's new rich are notable for their sense of economic fragility. They're reached the top 2%, only to fall below it, in many cases. That makes them much more fiscally conservative than other Americans, polling suggests, and less likely to support public programs, such as food stamps or early public education, to help the disadvantaged.

The AARP (American Association of Retired Persons) has a retirement calculator. Entering in 1.06 million in savings at retirement means that even with social security for a husband and wife they drop to just under $100,000 per year in retirement income. The $1 million savings level is what many are targeting.


Obama signals more efforts to redistribute out of the mass affluent

Last week, President Obama asserted that growing inequality is "the defining challenge of our time," signaling that it will be a major theme for Democrats in next year's elections.

New research suggests that affluent Americans are more numerous than government data depict, encompassing 21% of working-age adults for at least a year by the time they turn 60. That proportion has more than doubled since 1979.


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Exoplanet at 650 AU does not fit any planet formation theories

There has been the discovery of a giant planet orbiting its star at 650 times the average Earth-Sun distance has astronomers puzzled over how such a strange system came to be.

The exoplanet Weighsin at 11 times Jupiter's mass and orbiting its star at 650 times the average Earth-Sun distance, planet HD 106906 b is unlike anything in our own Solar System and throws a wrench in planet formation theories.

"This system is especially fascinating because no model of either planet or star formation fully explains what we see," said Vanessa Bailey, who led the research.


This is an artist's conception of a young planet in a distant orbit around its host star. The star still harbors a debris disk, remnant material from star and planet formation, interior to the planet's orbit (similar to the HD106906 system). (Image courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech)

Arxiv - HD 106906 b: A planetary-mass companion outside a massive debris disk

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China's lunar rover is expected to land December 14

Two years ago, in December 2011, China published a blueprint outlining its ambitions in outer space. The launch, on December 2nd, of Chang'e-3—a lunar mission named after a Moon goddess—shows that it remains on track.

This will be China's first attempt at a lunar landing. If it succeeds it will make the China National Space Administration (CNSA) only the second, after Russia's, to put an unmanned rover on the Moon. It may also help pave the way for the agency to match NASA's greater technical success of landing people there.

The lunar rover itself (named Yutu, meaning "Jade Rabbit") has six wheels and is intended to operate for three months. Reports of its weight have ranged from 100kg to 140kg. CNSA has not revealed the planned date of the landing attempt—though according to the European Space Agency, which is using its network of tracking stations to relay signals from and send commands to Chang'e-3 on behalf of CNSA, it is December 14th.
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Selling out over the Long term to achieve upward mobility

Some black people consider that it is "selling out" to speak without using slang. Some think it is being fake when you change for other people.

Learning proper grammar and more effective communication is just the beginning of properly selling out.

Most who have successfully achieved upward mobility have multi-year and often multi-generational planning and efforts.

UPDATE - Welcome Instapundit readers. There is a discussion of this article now at Instapundit

Vietnamese boat refugees came to north america in the 1970s and 1980s.

They often arrived with no money and few possessions and may not have had command of the language.

What was their model of upward mobility ?

They had multiple families in one house. They pooled income in order to buy their first house (with multiple families inside). Multiple families earning to afford the down payment and then to have more incomes to pay the mortgage. There was greater savings of income and capital appreciation in the house. The house would be sold a few years later and the profit split to afford multiple down payments.

So it was not just dual earners. It was say three families pooling and squeezing one family into each room and camping indoors (for years) or being in bunks inside the one room until they earned enough to move. So it would be say 6 earners and more as children got past the age of twelve and were able to earn. Although the children may have been forgiven the need to earn if it meant better success in education.

The Vietnamese boat people had to escape a war torn country (because they were on the losing side) and 10-70% of them died on the oceans to achieve their change of venue (to locations with more opportunity).

All of the children make it through university and get professional jobs, own one at least one home per family.


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